Ketoprofen(KP)

Ketoprofen (KP) is a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Its main effects are threefold. First, it has anti-inflammatory ability. When the body encounters inflammation, ketoprofen can inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX), which is crucial in arachidonic acid metabolism and can catalyze the production of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators. Ketoprofen inhibits this enzyme, which reduces the production of prostaglandins, thereby reducing the inflammatory response. Inflammation symptoms such as redness, swelling and heat pain can be relieved. In chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, it can effectively reduce joint swelling, pain and stiffness, and improve the patient's mobility. Second, it has pain relief. In addition to being effective in relieving pain caused by inflammation, it has a relieving effect on a variety of pains. Due to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, this substance is not only related to inflammation, but also participates in the sensitization process of pain sensation. Ketoprofen reduces its production, can reduce the sensitivity of pain nerve endings, and can play a good analgesic effect on mild to moderate pain such as headache, toothache, and dysmenorrhea, helping patients relieve pain. Third, it also has the effect of antipyretic. When the body's thermoregulation center is disrupted due to factors such as infection, and heat production increases and heat dissipation decreases, prostaglandin E _ 2 will shift the temperature setting point upward. Ketoprofen inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, returning the temperature setting point to normal levels, thus increasing heat dissipation and reducing thermogenesis, thereby achieving antipyretic, which can effectively reduce the body temperature of fever patients and return them to normal.

Ketoprofen (KP) is a commonly used anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, but it also has many common side effects, which cannot be ignored. It is in the gastrointestinal tract and often causes discomfort. In mild cases, you may feel fullness and dull pain in the epigastric tract, and your appetite is also reduced. You don't want to eat, and your appetite is gradually decreasing. What's more, it can cause nausea, vomiting, and the stomach is swollen and you want to vomit. And it may cause damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa, causing the risk of bleeding, blood in the stool or vomiting, endangering your health. It also affects the central nervous system. Those who take the medicine may feel headache, dull pain in the head, or even dizziness and instability, such as being in clouds. Some people also feel sleepy, mentally sleepy, and sleepy all day, which affects their daily work and life. For the blood system, it may cause abnormal platelet function. Platelets are responsible for coagulation, and their function is disturbed. If the coagulation mechanism is disordered, slight collision or subcutaneous blood stasis, and cyanotic plaques can be seen on the skin. And the risk of bleeding is greatly increased, and minor injuries can also cause blood flow. In addition, long-term or excessive use can also affect liver and kidney function. Liver metabolism and detoxification function are impaired, and the ability of the kidneys to excrete waste is also reduced. Biochemical tests show that liver enzymes are increased, renal function indicators are abnormal, which affects the overall metabolism and internal environment stability of the body. Therefore, when using ketoprofen, the doctor should carefully observe the patient's physique and symptoms, weigh the pros and cons, and use the medication cautiously. Patients should also follow the doctor's advice, do not increase or decrease the dose without authorization, pay attention to physical changes, and seek medical attention in time if they feel unwell.

Ketoprofen (KP) is a commonly used anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. It is suitable for many painful diseases, and it is also suitable for specific groups of people. One of them is those with joint pain. "Huangdi Neijing" says: "The three wind and cold and dampness are mixed together, and they combine to form a paralysis. The winner of its style is to perform a paralysis, the winner of cold is to perform a painful paralysis, and the winner of dampness is to perform a paralysis." Joint arthralgia, or due to the invasion of wind, cold and dampness, the qi and blood are not smooth. Ketoprofen can help promote qi and promote blood circulation, relieve pain, and relieve joint pain and swelling caused by rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Second, it is a woman with dysmenorrhea. " Fu Qingzhu's Women's Department said: "Women have abdominal pain for several days before menstruation, and then they pass through water, and their menstruation is mostly purple and black." When women go through menstruation, their qi and blood are not smooth, which is easy to cause pain. Ketoprofen can relieve uterine smooth muscle spasms, regulate qi and blood, and relieve the pain of dysmenorrhea. Third, it is a patient with toothache. "On the Origin and Syndrome of All Diseases" states: "Teeth are the end of bones, and the pulp and qi are nourished, while the Yangming branch of the hand enters the pulp and qi of the tooth vein, which is insufficient, and the wind is cold, so it hurts." Toothache may be caused by wind, fire, stomach fire, etc., ketoprofen can remove pain and reduce swelling, and relieve toothache. Fourth, it is a person with postoperative pain. After surgery, qi and blood are damaged, veins and collaterals are blocked, and pain follows. Ketoprofen can regulate pain mediators in the body, reduce the pain of postoperative wounds, and help patients recover as soon as possible. However, when taking medication, you should also be cautious and follow the doctor's advice. Do not abuse it yourself to avoid other diseases.

If you want to use ketoprofen (KP) dosage, it is necessary to be cautious. The first thing to do is to carefully observe the symptoms of the disease, such as to relieve mild to moderate pain, such as headache, toothache, dysmenorrhea, etc., or for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. For adults, when taken orally, the dosage is usually 50 mg at a time, three times a day. However, if the severity of the disease varies, the doctor will adjust it according to the situation. If the pain is more severe or the inflammatory response is severe, or it needs to be increased, the total amount per day should generally not exceed 200 mg to avoid excessive adverse reactions. When applying externally, depending on the size of the affected area, apply an appropriate amount, several times a day, to achieve local anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects. Children's medication needs to be more careful, and the appropriate dose must be carefully weighed by the doctor according to their weight, age and condition. Do not do it yourself. In short, the dosage of ketoprofen must be followed by the doctor, according to the reality of the disease, and carefully, in order to obtain safe and effective treatment results.

Ketoprofen (KP) is a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It interacts with many drugs in the body, which is related to the safety and efficacy of the drug. It needs to be treated with caution. There is a class of drugs that interact with ketoprofen that is critical, namely anticoagulants. Anticoagulants such as warfarin, when used in combination with ketoprofen, can significantly increase the risk of bleeding. Because ketoprofen inhibits platelet aggregation and interferes with the synthesis of coagulation factors, while anticoagulants are designed to inhibit blood coagulation. The synergy between the two is like adding fuel to the fire, which is prone to aggravation of bleeding, ranging from subcutaneous ecchymosis and nosebleeds, to serious conditions such as gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage. Furthermore, there are complex interactions between antihypertensive drugs and ketoprofen. For example, antihypertensive drugs such as beta blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ketoprofen will weaken its antihypertensive effect. This ketoprofen can cause water and sodium retention, increase blood volume, thus antagonizing the effect of antihypertensive drugs to a certain extent, making blood pressure control more difficult. For hypertensive patients, it will undoubtedly increase the risk of blood pressure fluctuations and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. In addition, the interaction between hypoglycemic drugs and ketoprofen cannot be ignored. When sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs are combined with ketoprofen, they may enhance the hypoglycemic effect and increase the risk of hypoglycemia. This is because ketoprofen may affect the metabolic process of hypoglycemic drugs in the body, causing its blood concentration to increase, and the hypoglycemic effect is too strong. If the patient does not pay attention, he may fall into hypoglycemia, and experience symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, palpitation, and even coma. Also, when used in combination with other NSAIDs, although it seems to enhance the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, it actually greatly increases the chance of adverse reactions. Like gastrointestinal ulcers, the risk of bleeding will increase significantly, because the damage of different NSAIDs to the gastrointestinal mucosa is superimposed, like multiple blows, the gastrointestinal mucosa is overwhelmed, and it is easy to cause serious complications such as ulcers and bleeding. In summary, when using ketoprofen clinically, physicians must carefully review the patient's medication history, carefully evaluate the risk of drug interactions, and rationally adjust the medication regimen to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the patient's medication.